Sunday, 20 February 2022

Tabling of Religious Discrimination Bill - A Defining Political Moment


Intro

You may or may not have heard a recent drama accompanying a tabling of the Religious Discrimination Bill in Federal Parliament.  It was a revealing faceoff as irreconcilable values collided. 65 MPs comprising of Australia major Opposition party ALP, five Government Coalition MPs and Crossbenchers amended the Sex Discrimination Act in the Lower House so as to restrict religious schools in how they deal with matters of gender identity, sexual orientation and marital status in running of schools.

The Prime Minister original Bill failed to pass attracting 59 votes from his political side. Some of the Moderates in the Coalition asserted that religious schools should provide environment that accommodates and supports varied gender identities and sexual orientations regardless of school’s faith values.

So what exactly is the content of the Bill tabled by the PM that the majority of MPs in the House of Representatives could not support unless it was amended? This is a summary of what the Bill aimed at:

the bill: prohibits discrimination on the basis of a person’s religious belief or activity in a range of areas of public life, including in relation to employment, education, access to premises and the provision of goods, services and accommodation; establishes general and specific exceptions from the prohibition of religious discrimination; provides that certain statements of belief do not constitute discrimination for the purposes of certain specified Commonwealth, state or territory anti-discrimination laws; creates offences in relation to victimisation and discriminatory advertisements;

(For more info see:  Parliamentary info link)

After facing defeat on the House floor, it was widely reported the Government is no longer pursuing this Bill – so the amended version is not being sent to the Senate for approval. 


Why is this a defining moment?

  1. Labor (an alternative ruling Party) decisively departed from a longstanding position that previously recognised in law that religious education institutions may “discriminate in good faith in order to avoid injury to the religious susceptibilities of adherents of that religion or creed” on matters of sexual orientation, gender identity, marital relationship or status or pregnancy in connection with employment (SDA, Sec 38).  See Parliamentary source).
  2. Moderates within Coalition Parties and many Crossbenchers are no longer willing to allow religious institutions including schools to interpret notions of gender identity, sexual orientation and marital status using traditional faith based framework such as those drawn from the Bible.
  3. Based on this decision it seems the majority of MPs in the Lower House no longer hold the view that the ethos of a faith -based school should necessarily be defined by beliefs of adherent (e.g. biblical beliefs).
  4. If ever the amended Bill makes a way to the Senate and gains approval in the future, this Bill will elevate the role of Parliament to make rules over certain belief systems in operation of religious institutions (case in point - how religious schools should train and socialise children on sensitive issues relating to sexual orientation, gender identity in the process of conducting school based activities).
  5. Without Federal legislative protections, pay attention to what rules are being made at State level or by some employers that encroach on people’s religious rights that exist under Australia’s Constitution (e.g. employment, education, etc.)
  6. In Australia religious institutions invest massively in running private schools, major hospitals centres of excellence, significant welfare institutions, to name some. These are areas to watch in relation to whether or not rules being made at State and Federal level are not encroaching on the religious sphere. 

What does the Australia Constitution say?

The Constitution does not allow the Commonwealth to put in place laws that prevent people from a free exercise of religion. Similarly, it does not permit the Commonwealth to make laws that impose religious observance on non-believers. Further, the Constitution prohibits the Commonwealth from legislating laws that deny people work in public institutions on basis of their religion. Have a look at how the Constitution puts it:

116. Commonwealth not to legislate in respect of religion

The Commonwealth shall not make any law for establishing any religion, or for imposing any religious observance, or for prohibiting the free exercise of any religion, and no religious test shall be required as a qualification for any office or public trust under the Commonwealth. (See Chapter 5, Sec 116) See Parliamentary source

Religious institutions in running schools would clearly be one of the ways they express, support, maintain and reproduce faith and values. Likely, at one level Government still exercise certain governance over these schools through academic and curriculum standards, and funding regulation. And this balance is probably to be expected, perhaps a case of “Give to Caesar what is Caesar’s, give to God what is God’s”.

But if a Parliament decides that teachers in religious schools should merely become secular; that in my view seems to go against what even the Constitution had in mind. 


Sex Discrimination Act recognises areas of non-interference in religious schools

The Sex Discrimination Act (sec 38) makes it possible for religious schools to exercise choices about ethos/values that align with their beliefs. For example, you would expect a range of Christianity schools to follow basic biblical teachings to bring up children in ‘the discipline and instruction of the Lord’. And to ‘Train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old he will not depart from it.’

Contemporary Christian schools can be seen across the spectrum. Some are more conservative than others on particular biblical teachings about notions of gender identity and questions of sexual orientation. So far, it would seem the Sex Discrimination Act has protected their operations in good faith thus not causing “injury to the religious susceptibilities of adherents of that religion or creed” (see Sec 38 of the Sex Discrimination Act).

So where some Christian schools are drawing from a Bible in teaching kids “the way of the Lord”, if a State or Federal Government challenges this and says they [the Government] have greater authority about how the Bible should be taught to children – you can see where it’s going - a collision course on core religious issues.

For some Christians these issues are NOT simply cultural. They are spiritual – they are the stuff of life. While for MPs who are non-believers or those holding flexible views about such biblical matters, for them they can’t see what the fuss is about.

Some advocates say Christians are being selfish on grounds that some religious schools want to stick to their Christian faith as basis for guiding schooling practices. But the Constitution implies in such a private sphere people are free to believe or not believe as long as this is not imposed on others - religious schools are not owned by Governments. They are not part of the public sector. They are not Government Enterprises or Government Authorities.

It seems to me MPs who are seeking to do away with sec 38 of Sex Discrimination Act are overlooking separation indicated in Constitution Chapt V (116).


But what would Jesus Say?

What would Jesus say? We know Jesus wanted (wants) children to be welcomed in Christian settings to be sure – ‘whoever welcomes a child in my name, welcomes me’. But we know those caregivers/parents are required to socialise these kids in ‘the way of the Lord’. Doing contrary and causing ‘spiritual injury’ to a child ‘it would be better for him [the adult] to have a large millstone hung around his neck and to be drowned in the depths of the sea’. Heavy stuff.

Is it really wise for the Parliament to get tangled into adjudicating in this religious sphere?  There is a difficulty if some Christian schools are forced to abandon their ethos.

To this extent, it is just as well that the Morrison Government shelved the Bill once a contentious amended version of the Bill passed the Lower House. It would have been unworkable.

I have never been to private Christian school myself, but I can see potential consequences of Governments telling people what spiritual values they should believe. We have many law abiding communities going about doing what they can to access education for their children in keeping with their values. It’s not even clear if some of our law makers have given thought to cohesion. 


As Australia gears up for next election

Electioneering is on. Some believe at last election believe PM SCOMO benefited from the religious migrant voters in places like Western Sydney suburbs at the expense of Labor due to people wanting to preserve freedoms in pursuit of their God.

At present from what has transpired it is clear the Moderate faction in the Coalition Parties are closer to Labor and the Crossbench. Where does the religious social conservative vote go this time?

Then there are also State Government gradually legislating in areas that may impinge on the private religious sphere. Not to mention some employers.

These matters are not some theory; they are practical difficulty issues coming up in the public and private spheres. Having watched this drama unfold I am left thinking God help us. For only God can help sort this one out.

**Disclosure: The writer subscribes to a Christian faith.



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